RELIGION TERMS
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Hadith (plural: ahadith) (Islam)
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Saying and tradition in Islam, from the knowledge of Muhammad (pbuh). In Shi'ism the sayings of the Imams are added into the collection of Hadith, although not the same as the sayings of the Prophet. Literally 'saying' or 'tradition'.
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Hadith qudsi (Islam)
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A small number of hadith in which God speaks in the first person through the Prophet. This collection is of particular importance for Sufis.
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Hafiz (Islam)
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A person who has learnt to recite the Qur'an from memory in Arabic.
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Hajj (Islam)
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The pillar of Islam which requires an at least once in a lifetime pilgrimage to the Ka'ba at Mecca and nearby places during 8 to 13 Dhul-Hijja.
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Halakhah (Judaism)
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Jewish law, discussions and rulings on the exact practical details to do mitzvot.
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Haqiqah (Islam)
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Combining Truth, spiritual essence and ultimate reality. Contrasted in the context of Sufism with Shariah and tariqah.
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Harimandir (Sikhism)
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Guru Arjan installed the Adi Granth in the place built at Amritsar and now is sometimes the name for the Golden Temple.
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Hastinapura (Hinduism)
- Capital of the Pandavas and descendents, about sixty miles northeast of Delhi (city of the elephants).
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Hari (Hinduism)
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Vishnu or Krishna.
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Havan (Hinduism)
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Contemporary act of worship focussed on a sacred fire yet based on ancient Vedic rituals.
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Havdalah (Judaism)
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Ceremony to mark the end of Shabbat or a festival.
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Hebrew Bible (Judaism)
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Canonized sacred texts, including Torah, books of the Prophets and other writings such as Psalms and Proverbs. Not the Septuagint.
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Hijra (Islam)
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Muhammad (pbuh)'s migration from Makkah to Madinah in 622 CE. Literally 'migration'.
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Hikmah (Islam)
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Wisdom and where theosophy gets mixed with traditional Islamic philosophy.
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Himalaya (Hinduism)
- Mountain range home of Shiva and other gods (hima, laya is snow, abode).
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Hindu (Hinduism)
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Origin in 'Sindhu' or the Persian name for the River Indus. It was just a geographically located term for a population but became one to identify this emergent collection of religious practices as a religion.
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Hola Mohalla (Sikhism)
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Annual spring gathering of Sikhs at Anandpur Sahib for sports contests, music and poetry compositions. It was started by Guru Gobind Singh in 1680.
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Holi (Hinduism)
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It falls the day after the full moon in Phalguna, around March each year. It is a spring festival. Holika is either an evil spirit burned by fire or a loyal sister who sacrifices herself on to the flames of her brother's funeral pyre. Therefore bonfires are lit. Krishna was a playful child and therefore on the second day this is remembered when coloured water is sprayed by children at various people.
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Holocaust/ Shoah (Judaism)
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In Nazi Germany up to six million Jews were murdered (along with gays, gypsies...) and is understood within Judaism as another event of extreme suffering.
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Holy Spirit (Christianity)
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Third person of the Christian Trinity concerned specifically with the activity of God during worship.
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Hukamnama (Sikhism)
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Instructions issued by the Gurus, or other people in Sikh authority. The daily Hukamnama comes from a random opening of the Guru Granth Sahib and is available on the Internet. Hukam means the ordered will of God.
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Hymn (Christianity, Sikhism, etc)
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A religious poem set to music and sung during worship. Christianity saw the evolution of the hymn as a popular Protestant worship form partly replacing psalms, and developed the hymn sandwich, and Sikhism has hymns as a primary part of religious expression especially of the Guru Granth Sahib, which are read through on set occasions.
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